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Captive bat studies supported MDA presence estimated from field data. We incorporate these data into a mechanistic model of LBV transmission to determine how host traits, including MDA and seasonal birthing, and viral traits, such as incubation periods, interact to allow fatal viruses to persist within bat populations. We collected data on African fruit bats and a rabies-related virus, Lagos bat virus (LBV), including through captive studies. Our study objective is to understand how viral and host traits lead to population level infection persistence when the infection can be fatal. Host traits, such as maternally-derived antibody (MDA) and seasonal birthing affect infection maintenance within populations. Pathogens causing acute disease and death or lasting immunity require specific spatial or temporal processes to persist in populations. Webb, Conceptualization, Investigation, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing 7

Wood, Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing, 3 and Colleen T. Cunningham, Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing, 10 James L. Horton, Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing, 8 Richard Suu-Ire, Data curation, Project administration, 9 Andrew A. Fooks, Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing, 5, 6 Clint Leach, Methodology, Software, Writing – review & editing, 7 Daniel L. Baker, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Writing – review & editing, 4 Anthony R. Luis, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing, 2 Olivier Restif, Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing, 3 Kate S.

Hayman, Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Visualization, Writing – original draft, 1, * Angela D.